高速公路连接部整治技术说明

第1章 一般设计

设计的第一步是一般特性的选择；公路形式确定所使用的说明书，公路类型规定线路的主要几何性能，车道数量，立交桥和场地。如有可能，进一步确定设施。

这些选择中，依据业主关于性能和对道路规定的服务水平确定的目标，一些已经列入以前的设计中。它须完全接近和以预先的设计基础，并且要考虑到环境的限制，社会经济状况和财政的约束。

1.1 高速公路的作用

高速公路主要是连接中、远距离的城乡和地区。它可为使用者提供一个高水平的服务，如安全、行车时间、舒适和附加的服务。

1.2 类型的选择

高速公路或高速公路段可分为两种，它可通过平面走向和纵剖面的水平进行区分。类型应根据高速公路所处的环境（地形、占用的土地---），进行选择。

可分为：

• 类型L₁：适用于平原和岗峦起伏的地区，这里的地形应力适中。
• 类型L₂：最好在较困难地形中采用，但须考虑经济的承受能力和环境的影响。

L₁和L₂这两个类型的最大容许速度分别为130和110Km/h。

通过特殊困难地形的高速公路段被视为“类型之外”的形式，第8章中已作描述。

不同类型的连续路段的长度应小于10公里，类型的改变应使环境使用者感到明显的变化。必须遵守一系列条例，以保证良好的过渡条件。

1.3 高速公路的尺寸

1.3.1 运输尺寸

高速公路的尺寸——通行路段或立交桥连接道的车道数量，收费栅栏走廊数，附属场地须确定为：

• “30小时”运输量，运输时间规定在文件的后面，它是按该定义规定的。它用UVP表示，以便限制重载运输。
• 根据投入使用的运输量和发展前景，公路网的功能与费用相比，应该得到最佳的服务。

1.3.2 适中运输量的高速公路

投入使用时，承担适中运输量的高速公路，称为适中运输高速公路，其每天平均运输量应小于10000v/j，如果具备这个资格和能力，容许行车方向有更大的负荷，运输量达到1400uvp/h-因此，高速公路必须按标准性能验收——按高速公路的运营条件进行调整。

1.3.3 车道数量的选择

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SOMMAIRE

TABLE DES MATIÈRES

:current

Foreword

This document (EN 10216-3:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee EC/TC 29, "Steel tubes and fittings for steel tubes", the secretariat of which is held by UNI.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2002.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.

Other Parts of EN 10216 are:

Another European Standard series covering tubes for pressure purposes is:

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

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ISO 657-1 : 1988 (E)

Table 1 — Dimensions and sectional properties of hot-rolled equal-leg angles (concluded)

NOTES

1. Member countries may choose, to be included in their national standards, the sizes which are required to meet their demand.
2. For the angles so chosen, only thicknesses which can be rolled in their mills to meet the demand of the users may be selected from the list of thicknesses corresponding to equal angles in table 1.
3. The sectional area has been calculated using the formula

   S = [l/2 A - l) + 0,214 6 (r_root² - 2r_toe²)] × 1/100

   where
   

   S is the sectional area, in square centimetres;
   

   l is the thickness, in millimetres;
   

   r_root is the root radius, in millimetres;
   

   r_toe is the toe radius, in millimetres;
   

   A is the leg length, in millimetres.

4. Mass is calculated on the basis of density of steel of 7,85 kg/dm³.

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