GB/T 4650-1998 Vocabulary for sampling of industrial chemical products

This standard specifies the most commonly used terms related to the sampling of industrial chemical products. These terms are classified according to the following classification: 3.1 General terms 3.2 Terms related to sampling systems 3.3 Terms related to the sampling process 3.4 Statistical terms related to sampling GB/T 4650-1998 Vocabulary for sampling of industrial chemical products GB/T4650-1998 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

GB/T4650—1998
This standard is equivalent to the international standard ISO6206:1979 "Vocabulary for Sampling of Industrial Chemical Products". It is equivalent to the international standard in technical content and basically equivalent to the international standard in writing rules. There is no difference in technical content between this standard and the previous version of the standard, only some editorial changes have been made. The original national standard GB/T4650-1984 "Vocabulary for Sampling of Industrial Chemical Products" is equivalent to ISO6206:1979 "Vocabulary for Sampling of Industrial Chemical Products". This revision is converted to equivalent to ISO6206:1979.
This standard replaces GB/T4650—1984 "Vocabulary for Sampling of Industrial Chemical Products" from the date of implementation. Appendix A of this standard is a reminder appendix. This standard is proposed by the Ministry of Chemical Industry of the People's Republic of China. This standard is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Institute of the Ministry of Chemical Industry. This standard is drafted by the Standardization Institute of the Ministry of Chemical Industry. The main drafters of this standard are Wu Zhuyun and Wei Lihua. This standard was first published in August 1984.
GB/T4650-1998
ISO Foreword
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards associations (member bodies of ISO). The work of formulating international standards is carried out through ISO's various technical committees. Each member body interested in a project for which a technical committee has been established has the right to participate in the committee, and any governmental or non-governmental international organization that has a relationship with ISO can participate in this work. The draft international standards adopted by the technical committees must be sent to the member bodies for approval before being approved as international standards by the ISO Council.
ISO6206 was developed by ISO/TC47 Chemical Technical Committee and sent to member bodies in July 1977. This standard was adopted by the member bodies of the following countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Egypt, France, Federal Republic of Germany, Hungary, India, Israel, Italy, Kenya, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Romania, South Africa, Switzerland, United Kingdom, USSR, Yugoslavia. No member body expressed disagreement with this document. 1 Scope
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Chemical products for industrial use-Sampling-Vocabulary
Chemical products for industrial use-Sampling-Vocabulary
This standard specifies some of the most commonly used terms related to the sampling of chemical products for industrial use. These terms are classified according to the following classification:
3.1 General terms
3.2 Terms for sampling systems
3.3 Terms related to the sampling process
3.4 ​​Statistical terms related to sampling
2 Referenced standardswww.bzxz.net
GB/T 4650-1998
idt ISO 6206:1979
Replaces GB/T4650--1984
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. ISO 3534:1977 Statistical vocabulary and symbols 3 Terms and definitions
3.1 General terms
The sampling of chemical products can be considered as multi-stage sampling (see 3.12 of ISO 3534) (generally two stages), and its definition is reproduced at the bottom of this page. The following definitions of general terms are mostly in accordance with ISO 3534. 3.1.1 Sampling unit sampling unit
A defined amount of material, whose boundaries may be tangible, such as a container, or may be conceptual, such as a specific time or interval in the material flow.
1 Several sampling units can be collected together, for example in a bag or box. 2 In English, "individual", "unit" and "item" are sometimes synonymous with sampling unit in practical applications.
3.1.2 Increment
Quantitative material obtained from a sampling unit at one time by a sampler.3.1.3 Sample
One or several sampling units obtained from a larger number of sampling units, or one or several incremental samples obtained from a sampling unit.
*)3.12 Multi-level sampling: A sampling method of sampling in stages, in which each sampling unit is sampled again from the larger unit of the previous stage. Approved by the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on October 20, 1998 and implemented on May 1, 1999
GB/T 4650--1998
1 A sample may be taken from an incremental sample or sampling unit or from a combination of incremental samples or sampling units. 2 The word "specimen" is used in some cases, particularly for the sampling of discrete materials, instead of "sample". 3.1.4 Representative sample A sample of the same composition as the material to be sampled, where the material is assumed to be completely homogeneous. 3.1.5 Sampling plan
A predetermined procedure for selecting and preparing one or more samples from a batch of goods in order to obtain from the final sample (see 3.2.9) the necessary knowledge of the characteristics (see 3.2.15) to make judgments about the batch (see 3.2.1). NOTE: For reasons of cost efficiency and time, an acceptable sampling error is usually established. 3.1.6 Consignment
A quantity of material specified by a specific delivery document or loading document. 3.2 Terminology of sampling systems 3.2.1 lot total amount of material sampled according to a sampling plan, which may consist of several delivery lots, production lots or sampling units. Batch a certain amount of material, which may be a sampling unit or a number of sampling units grouped together under the assumption that they are manufactured or produced under the same conditions. 3.2.3 subsampling unit a sampling unit used to assess the actual or hypothetical division of quality variability. 3.2.41 primary sample a group of samples collected while maintaining their individual properties (3.1.3). bulk sample a group of samples collected without maintaining their individual properties (3.1.3). 3.2.6 blended bulk sample a homogeneous bulk sample obtained by blending a group of samples collected. 3.2.7
weighted sampleweighted sample
a composite sample from which individual samples are drawn in proportion to the amount of material it represents.reduced sample
a sample obtained by reducing the size of another sample without changing its composition (see also 3.3.12). NOTE: In reducing the size of a sample, it is sometimes also necessary to reduce the particle size of the (sample). 3.2.9final sample
a sample obtained or prepared according to a sampling plan and which can be divided into several equal parts for testing, reference or storage. 3.2.10laboratory samplelaboratory samplea sample prepared for sending to a laboratory for inspection or testing.reference samplereference sample
a sample prepared at the same time as a laboratory sample and which may be accepted by the parties concerned as a laboratory sample in case of dispute. 3.2.12storage sample
a sample prepared at the same time as a laboratory sample and which may later be used as a laboratory sample. 3.2.13 Test sample
A sample prepared from a laboratory sample from which the test material is extracted. 3.2.14 Test portion
A certain amount of material obtained from a sample (or from a laboratory sample if the sample and the laboratory sample are the same) and used for inspection or observation.
3.2.15 Characteristic
GB/T4650—1998
A property of a material that can be determined. It can generally be divided into qualitative (by attributes) or quantitative (by variability). Test or observation3.2.16
An operation performed to measure or divide a certain characteristic. 3.3 Terms related to sampling processes
3.3.1 Spot sample
A sample of a certain quantity or size taken from a specific part of the material or at a specific part and time in the material flow. It is a sample that represents an instantaneous or local environment.
Note: The term "gnap sample" in English is sometimes synonymous with "spot sample". 3.3.2 Geometric sample - a sample of a specific shape whose three-dimensional dimensions are related to the variability of the material in the sampling unit in each axis. 3.3.3 Cross-sectional sample - a geometric sample with only two important dimensions, each of which is related to the variability of the material in the sampling unit in one of the two main axes.
3.3.4 Directional sample - a geometric sample with only one important dimension, which is related to the variability of the only main axis of the material in the sampling unit. 3.3.5 Surface sample surfacesample
A sample taken on the surface of the material to obtain information about the surface of the material. 3.3.6 Bottom sample bottom sample
A sample taken at the lowest point of the material to obtain information about the material at that location. 3.3.7 Upper sample uppersample
A location sample taken at a depth below the liquid surface corresponding to a certain volume (such as 1/6 of the total volume). Middle sample middle sample
A location sample taken at a depth below the liquid surface corresponding to half of the total volume. 3.3.9 Lower sample lower sample
A location sample taken at a depth below the liquid surface corresponding to a certain volume (such as 5/6 of the total volume). 3.3.10 Continuous sample continuous sample A sample taken continuously from a material flow. 3.3.11
Intermittent sample intermittent sample A sample taken intermittently from a material flow. 3.3.12 Sample size reduction sample size reduction The process used to reduce the size of a sample.
Note that in English, the term "sample division" is sometimes used interchangeably with "sample size reduction" Particle size reduction 3.3.13
The process of reducing the particle size of a sample material (such as crushing, grinding or pulverizing). 3.3.14 Outage/UK, outage/USA The space in a container not occupied by the material, or the distance between the surface of the material and a fixed reference point on the top of the container. Note: For liquids, this volume is used as space for expansion. 3.4 Statistical terms related to sampling
3.4.1 True value
The value of a material characteristic accurately determined under the instantaneous conditions of the characteristic determination. This is an ideal value that can only be obtained when all causes of measurement error can be eliminated.
3.4.2 Average lot quality7
GB/T4650—1998
The average value of a large number of results obtained by repeated representative samples taken from a commercial batch and repeatedly measuring the characteristics by many laboratories using the relevant test method. This value is the theoretical average lot quality. 3.4.3 Variability
The difference in the value of a characteristic throughout the material. 3.4.4 Homogeneous material A material is homogeneous with respect to a characteristic if the average value of the characteristic of each part of the material is within the measurement error for determining the characteristic.
Note: The following two should be distinguished: ① Compositional heterogeneity, which is the difference in composition between the different parts (such as particles) that make up the material. ② Distributional heterogeneity, which is the local heterogeneity of the different parts that make up the material. If these parts are mixed, this heterogeneity will disappear (so it can be converted into compositional heterogeneity). 3.4.5 Heterogeneous material A material that is heterogeneous (see 3.4.4). 3.4.6 Defect
Any sampling unit that does not meet the specified requirements for a characteristic value. Defective unit, defective item 3.4.7
A sampling unit containing one or more defects. 3.4.8 Accuracy
The degree of agreement between the average value of the test results obtained by measuring the characteristic many times and the true value. Note: The smaller the systematic error among the test errors that affect the result, the more accurate the measurement result. 3.4.9 Precision
The degree of agreement between the results obtained by measuring a characteristic several times under specified conditions. Note: Among the test errors that affect the result, the smaller the random error, the more precise the measurement result. 3.4.10 Sampling error sampling error The portion of the total estimated error of a characteristic that is caused by various known and allowed deficiencies in the sampling plan. accuracy（accuracy）
average lot quality（average lot quality）batch（production batch）
blended bulk sample（blended bulk sample）bottom sample（bottom sample）
bulk sample（bulk sample）
characteristic（characteristic）
consignment（delivery batch）
continuous sample（continuous sample）cross-sectional sample（surface sample）defect（defect）·
defective item（defective item）
defective unit（defective unit）
directional sample（directional sample）final sample（final sample）
geometric sample（geometric sample）heterogeneous material（heterogeneous material）homogeneous material（homogeneous material）increment（increment）
intermittent sample（intermittent sample）*）The original text of ISO6206:1979 mistakenly reads it as 3.9.3. GB/T 4650-1998
Appendix A
(Suggestive Appendix)
English Index
..... 3.3.6
laboratorysample(laboratory sample)lot(commercial batch)
lowersample(lower sample)-
middle sample(middle sample)
observation(observation)
outage(outage/USA)
particle size reduction(particle size reduction)...precision(precision)
primarysample(primary sample)
reduced sample(reduced sample)
reference sample(reference sample)representative sample(representative sample)sample size reduction(sample size reduction)sample(sample).
sampling error(sampling error)
sampling plan (sampling plan) ..
sampling unit (sampling unit) ·..spot sample(part sample）
storage sample（storage sample）
subsampling unit（secondary sampling unit）surface sample（surface sample）
test(test）
test portion(test material)
test sample(test sample)
true value(true value)
ullage（reserved volume/UK）
upper sample（upper sample）
GB/T 4650--1998
：3.3.13
.3.1.5
，3.2.12
variability（variability）
weighted sample（weighted sample）
GB/T4650—1998
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