GB/T 5161-1985 Determination of effective density of metal powders - Liquid penetration method

This standard is applicable to the determination of effective density of all metal powders. This standard is based on the premise that liquid penetrates the powder body, and uses a specific gravity bottle and a bucket as tools to measure the effective density of the powder body. GB/T 5161-1985 Determination of effective density of metal powders Liquid penetration method GB/T5161-1985 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Metal powders-Determi nation of effective density-Liquid immersion method
Metalllc powders-Determi nation of effective density-Liquid immersion methodUDC 669-92.2
GB5161-85
This standard is applicable to the determination of effective density of all metal powders. This standard is based on the premise that liquid permeates the powder body, and uses a specific gravity bottle and a hanging bucket as tools to measure the effective density of the powder body. Symbols and terms
Mass of pycnometer minus bucket
Mass and content of pycnometer and sample or bucket and sample
Mass of powder sample, pycnometer and penetrating liquid or mass of powder sample and bucket submerged in penetrating liquid and suspended weighed
Mass of pycnometer filled with penetrating liquid
Mass of the bucket itself submerged in the penetrating liquid and suspended weighed
Mass of the bucket when it is submerged in the penetrating liquid and suspended weighed
Mass of the final sample in the atmosphere
Volume of pycnometer or volume of the bucket itself Effective volume of final sample
Effective density of powders
Density of evaporated water at the measuring temperature
Density of the penetrating liquid at the measuring temperature
Effective density of powders (effective partial density) - the mass of powders divided by the effective volume of powders.
Effective volume of powders: The volume occupied by particles.
Pyknometer method: A method for determining effective density of powders.
Swing-peck method: A method for determining effective density of powders by suspending powder in liquid after removing all the open pores of the powder.
Swing-peck method: A method for determining effective density of powders by suspending powder in liquid according to Archimedes principle and using a pyknometer as a tool. National Bureau of Standards: Issued on May 8, 1985
Implemented on February 1, 1986
2 Principle of measurement
GB5161--85
Place metal powder in a measuring container, add liquid medium, and allow the liquid medium to fully penetrate into the open pores of the powder particles. According to the Abenmische principle, the effective volume of the powder is measured, and the required amount per unit effective volume is calculated, that is, the effective density of the powder is measured: Calculation volume
Flower, the liquid medium has good wettability to the powder, does not dissolve, does not react chemically, and is not easy to volatilize. (1)
2.1 Principle of volumetric flask determination
The volume of the volumetric flask is: mass:, containing a mass × m, add some liquid, after vacuum degassing, fill the volumetric flask containing the powder sample, weigh its mass ms, and the effective density of the powder is calculated according to the following formula: msr
V.(msl-m,)/p1
Yoni.-(ms-m,)
2.2 Principle of bucket method determination
Let the mass be m, and the effective volume be. The powder is loaded into the body with a mass of m and a volume of m. The silk bucket is filled with a diffusion liquid so that the liquid level is about 2 to 5 mm higher than the powder, and then degassed by vacuum. Constant temperature treatment, then the powder and the bucket are submerged in the diffusion liquid and suspended, weighing m, and the effective density of the powder sample is calculated according to the following relationship: (ms-mgp)
(ms-my) Pi
0=-(mmp1)(-p)-(mg+)*m
2.3 The standard measurement and V of the diffusion liquid. Determination of
2.3.1 Use a pycnometer to measure the permeate
At a constant temperature (room temperature), the temperature reaches 0.1℃, fill the pycnometer with degassed steam water, dry the water outside the bottle, weigh m on the balance, measure the V of the pycnometer, and then use the pycnometer with known V and the known density of water to calculate V, and a according to the following formulas
(m--p)/)
(ri -m)p.
(my-mg)
m: - e
2.3.2 Determination of bucket VabZxz.net
bucket! The weight on the balance in air is mo, the diameter of the wire is between 0.2~0.5mm, when it is immersed in the liquid to the calibration depth, it is called m, when the cow and the wire are immersed in the liquid to the calibration depth, it is called (m+n), then the volume of the bucket itself is:
an--(a+m)+m(
3 Main testing equipment and instruments
3.1 Equipment and instruments for the pycnometer method: The volume of the pycnometer is 10~30cm, the sensitivity of the analytical balance is 0.001g, the reading accuracy of the thermometer is ±0.1.2, the density meter is used to read ±0.001g/cm, and the vacuum mechanical pump is used for vacuum degassing. 3.2 Equipment and instruments for the hanging bucket method
GB 5161-85
The hanging bucket has a capacity of 10~31cm and is used to measure powders less than 4(um. Half of the hanging bucket must be added. The hole is made of a hole. When making the bucket, cut off half of the upper part of the specific gravity plug. Leave the cork part as the bucket of the hanging bucket. Other equipment is the same as the specific gravity bottle. The hanging wire can be selected from various wires of 0.2~0.5mm.
4 Sample determination
±1 Specific gravity short method measurement procedure
4.1.1 At the condensation temperature, weigh the + weight m of the specific gravity bottle, calibrate the specific gravity bottle according to formula (4), and use formula (5) to weigh the night liquid density 0, or it can be measured with a liquid density meter. 1.1.2 Put 1 liter of dry powder sample into the specific gravity bottle, and weigh it as m; e
, wipe off the powder that can be ridden on the crown of the bottle, and the day to day to number V , transfer to the degassing device for degassing, and reach 3. m. The internal volume is recorded or there is no gas pool overflow. 4.1.3 Add the impregnation liquid into the specific gravity bottle until
stops degassing and returns to normal pressure.
reaches, vacuum addition, and the powder sample cannot fly out of the bottle. 4.1.4 After a period of standing or constant humidity treatment, when it reaches room temperature, fill the specific gravity bottle with the permeation liquid, remove the liquid outside the bottle, and weigh it on the balance to msl
4,2 Bucket method measurement procedure
,2.1 Weigh the bucket mass m, determine the volume of the bucket material itself according to formula (6), and use formula (5) to mark the density code of the impregnated liquid.
is about, weigh on the balance to m, add the impregnation liquid to the bucket, 4.2.2 Add the dried powder into the bucket to the bucket volume to make the liquid level higher than the powder, no sample 2 ～5 mm, transfer to vacuum degassing device for degassing, the conditions are the same as those for degassing with specific gravity bottle. 4.2.3 When the sample reaches the temperature of the sample, slowly add the soaking liquid to the bucket 1 until the bucket is full, cover the bucket stopper, transfer it to the soaking liquid and suspend it to weigh (ms+m). The suspension weighing of the empty bucket can be directly suspended and measured, or it can be calculated according to ml=(mV). 4.2.4 The hanging wire measurement of the bucket can be directly hung in the middle of the dog, submerged in the soaking liquid to the weighing depth, and weighed as m1, or it can be calculated by subtracting the buoyancy of the part of the hanging wire in the soaked body from the dry weight of the hanging wire. 4.3 The pycnometer method and the bucket method can be compared, supplemented and checked with each other. When the measuring temperature is 30℃ higher, the bucket method is better than the pycnometer method. 5 Boundary treatment
Sample measurement In the case of stop band, two samples can be measured in parallel, and the arithmetic mean is taken as the measurement result. If the error of the measurement results of the two samples exceeds 1%, two or more samples should be measured in parallel, and the arithmetic mean is taken, which is accurate to two decimal places as the final measurement result.
Diffusion liquid
Powder sample
Specific gravity 10 ~ 30 e =
Figure A1 Working diagram of the bottle method
Specific principle
GB 5161-85
Appendix A
Working principle of liquid penetration method
(Supplement)
Bucket cover separation
Powder sample
Bucket (without separation)
Car sample
Diffusion body
Figure A2 Working diagram of the bucket method
Vacuum strength
Bucket I
Bucket II
Figure A3 Liquid immersion remote vacuum degassing device
GB 6161—85
Appendix B
(Supplement)
The density of degassed water in air2 can be found in the following table. When the temperature is between two adjacent degrees, it is allowed to correct the density of water by interpolation.
Pwg/cma
Temperature r
Forward: This table is quoted from GB 3850—B3 "Determination of density of dense sintered metal materials and cemented carbides". Additional notes:
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of the People's Republic of China and China Nonferrous Metals Industry Corporation. This standard was drafted by the Powder Metallurgy Research Institute of Central South University of Mining and Metallurgy. The main drafter of this standard is Zhang Ruifu.
P, g/cm
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