GB 18447.1-2001 Safety requirements for agricultural wheeled and crawler tractors

This standard sets restrictions on agricultural wheeled and crawler tractors in terms of physical performance and intended use. The safety requirements specified are applicable to the hazards generated at various stages of the machine life cycle as specified in 3.11 of GB/T 15706.1-1995. This standard applies to agricultural wheeled and crawler tractors. GB 18447.1-2001 Safety requirements for agricultural wheeled and crawler tractors GB18447.1-2001 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

GB18447.1—2001
All technical contents of this standard are mandatory. Fore
This standard specifies the safety requirements for agricultural wheeled and crawler tractors and serves as the basis for safety inspection. This standard and GB18447.2 "Safety requirements for walking tractors" constitute a series of standards, of which this standard is the first part and "Safety requirements for walking tractors" is the second part. This standard is proposed and managed by the National Technical Committee for Tractor Standardization. The drafting units of this standard are: Luoyang Tractor Research Institute, China First Tractor Co., Ltd., Shanghai Tractor Internal Combustion Engine Company, Shandong Weifang Huayuan Tractor Co., Ltd., and John Deere Tiantuo Co., Ltd. The main drafters of this standard are: Wang Fangqin, Shang Xiangsheng, Ying, Wang Minghua, Chen Zhaolin, Xu Shibei, and Xu Huijuan. 433
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Safety requirements for agricultural wheeled and crawler tractors
Safety requirements for agricultural wheeled and crawler tractors1Scope
GB 18447.1—2001
This standard sets restrictions on agricultural wheeled and crawler tractors in terms of physical performance and intended use. The safety requirements specified are applicable to the hazards generated at various stages of the machine life cycle specified in 3.11 of (GB/T15706.1---1995). This standard applies to agricultural wheeled and crawler tractors (hereinafter referred to as tractors). 2 Referenced standards
The provisions contained in the following standards constitute the provisions of this standard through reference in this standard. When this standard is published, the versions shown are valid. All standards will be revised, and parties using this standard should explore the possibility of using the latest versions of the following standards. GB2777:1992 Type, size and strength requirements for safety guards for power output shafts of agricultural tractors (neqISO500:19 89) GI3/T3871.6--1993 Test methods for agricultural wheeled and crawler tractors Part 6 Braking test (neqISO5697:1982)
GB/T3871.8--1993 Test methods for agricultural wheeled and crawler tractors Part 8 Noise measurement (neqISO)5131:1982)
GB/T4269.1-1984 Agricultural and forestry tractors and machinery, lawn and gardening power machinery Driver operating symbols and other symbols General symbols (eqvISO3767-1:1982) GB3/T4269.2-1984 Agricultural and forestry tractors and machinery, lawn and gardening power machinery Driver operating symbols and other symbols Symbols for agricultural tractors and machinery (eqvISO3767-2:1982) GB 6376--1995
Tractor noise limit
Test method and acceptance conditions for the strength of protective devices on wheeled tractors for agriculture and forestry (neqISO3463:1984) GB 7121--1986
GB 9486 -- 1988±
Steady-state exhaust smoke density of diesel engines and its determination method GB10395.1—1989Safety technical requirements for tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry Part 1: General (eqvISO4254-1:1985) GB 10396 --- 1999
Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry General rules for safety signs and hazard pictograms for lawn and gardening power machinery (eqy1SO 11684:1995)bzxz.net
GB/T15706.11995 Basic concepts and general design principles for machinery safety Part 1: Basic terminology and methodology (eqvISO/TR 12100-1:1992)
JB/T7325—1994 Strength test method and acceptance conditions for protective devices of narrow-track wheeled tractors for agriculture and forestry JB/T7865—1995 Requirements for the compilation of instruction manuals and technical documents for agricultural and forestry tractors and implements (eqvISO3600:1981) IB/T8303—1999 Safety belts in the cab of agricultural tractors (idtISO3776:1989) 3 Hazard list
The hazards that may arise during the travel, operation and maintenance of the tractor are shown in Table 1. Approved by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China on August 29, 2001 13.1
Implemented on December 1, 2001
Crushing hazard
Shearing hazard
Rotating parts without protective devices
Mechanical failure
Exhaust smoke is too large
Slipping in passages or other locations
4 Safety requirements and/or measures and judgment
4.1-General safety requirements
GB 18447. 1--2001
Table 1 Hazards List
Burns from contact with heat sources
Hazards caused by electrolyte leakage
Insufficient lighting signals
Too much noise
Brake failure
Hazards caused by misoperation
4.1.1 Wheeled and crawler tractors with cabs may be equipped with a co-driver's cab. The co-driver's seat should be firmly fixed and its position should not affect the driver's operation. The seat should not increase the outer dimensions of the tractor. A co-driver's seat is not allowed to be installed on the rear fender of a tractor without a cab. 4.1.2 During the full-load test of the tractor, the smoke value of the engine from the rated speed to the maximum torque point speed shall not exceed FSN5.2, measured in accordance with the provisions of GB9486.
4.1.3 Wheeled tractors with cabs must be equipped with a rearview mirror on the left and right. 4.1.4 The windshield of the cab must be made of safety glass, and the front windshield should be equipped with a wiper. 4.2 Safety and protection
When the driver is working and maintaining, exposed rotating parts that are prone to danger should be equipped with protective devices. The protective devices should be firmly fixed, pressure-resistant, and have no sharp corners and sharp edges. Their strength should comply with the provisions of GB10395.1. 4.2.1 The moving claws should have protective edges, and the shaft ends should not protrude beyond the protective edges. 4.2.2 Fans, pulleys (including flywheel pulleys), and flywheels should have protective devices. If the flywheel of a belt-driven wheeled tractor does not have a protective device, a safety sign must be set near the flywheel. The safety sign should comply with the provisions of GB10396. 4.2.3 The power output shaft must be equipped with a protective cover when in use, and its strength should comply with the provisions of GB2777. When the power output shaft is not working, a safety protective cover should be installed.
4.2.4 Pedals, footrests, and steps should be non-slip, and if necessary, flanges or ribs should be provided. 4.2.5 For wheeled tractors below 18kW, the muffler should be equipped with a heat insulation protective device. In addition, the position and direction of the exhaust pipe outlet should be arranged to minimize the exposure of the driver or other operators to harmful gases and smoke. 4.2.6 The battery electrolyte and its acid mist should be avoided from harming the driver. 4.2.7 Wheeled tractors should be equipped with safety racks or cabs and safety belts according to user needs, and their strength should comply with the provisions of GB7121, JB/T7325 and JB/T8303.
4.2.8 The noise limits in the tractor environment and the driver's operating position should comply with the provisions of GB6376 and be tested in accordance with the provisions of GB/T3871.8.
4.3 Braking performance
4.3.1 Wheeled tractors on a 20% dry hard slope and crawler tractors on a 30% slope compacted earth road should be able to stop reliably in the uphill and downhill directions using the parking brake device, and be tested in accordance with the provisions of GB/T3871.6. 4.3.2 For wheeled tractors with a maximum speed of no more than 30 km/h, the average deceleration of cold service braking shall be no less than 2.5 m/s, and the difference between the left and right tire trailing marks shall be no more than 400 mm, and shall be tested in accordance with the provisions of GB/T3871.6.
4.4 Lighting and signal devices
4.4.1 Wheeled and crawler tractors shall have two headlights, one working light, one instrument light, and one cab ceiling light. Wheeled tractors435
GB18447.1—2001
shall have two brake lights, two turn indicators at the front and rear. Wheeled tractors below 18 kW shall be equipped with at least two headlights, one working light, and two turn indicators.
4.4.2 Wheeled tractors must be equipped with rear reflectors. 4.5 Safe Operation
When the operating direction of the control device is not obvious, the control symbol should be marked on or near the control device. The control symbol should comply with the provisions of GB/T4269.1 and GB/T4269.2. 5 Usage Information
5.1 The tractor should be equipped with a permanent trademark or factory logo on a visible part of the front outer surface of the body, and a logo that can identify the model should be installed on a visible part of the outer surface of the body. 5.2 The tractor must be equipped with a permanent product label. 5.3 Safety signs must be set up at least at the following dangerous locations. The safety signs should comply with the provisions of GB10396. a) It is forbidden to ride in non-passenger positions. For example, the safety sign on the rear fender of the tractor; b) The safety sign prohibiting approaching when the suspension device is working; c) The safety sign for the use of the power output shaft. 5.4 Each tractor should provide the user with an instruction manual, and its safety operation requirements should comply with the provisions of JB/T7865. 436
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