GB/T 4597-1996 Vocabulary of electron tubes

This standard specifies the terms and definitions of various types of electron tubes. This standard does not include terms and definitions for electron tube processes, materials and test methods. This standard equivalently adopts the entire vocabulary of Chapter 531 "Electronic Tubes" of the "International Electrotechnical Dictionary" (IEV) published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in 1974, and gives the corresponding number in the International Electrotechnical Dictionary "IEV" at the end of the definition of each relevant term or after the relevant title. Multiple priority terms expressing concepts in this standard are arranged consecutively, separated by semicolons ";"; priority terms and non-priority terms are arranged in separate lines. GB/T 4597-1996 Electron Tube Vocabulary GB/T4597-1996 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Vocabulary of elecironic tubes
Vocabulary of elecironic tubes This standard specifies the names and definitions of various types of electron tubes. This standard does not include the terms and definitions of electron tube processes, materials and test methods. GB/T45971996
Replaces GB 4597-84
This standard is equivalent to? The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) published the International Electrotechnical Dictionary (IEV) in 1974, which contains all the vocabulary of "Electrode Tubes", and gives the corresponding number in the International Electrotechnical Dictionary (IE) at the end of each relevant term definition or after the relevant title.
In this standard, multiple preferred terms expressing concepts are arranged consecutively, separated by semicolons: preferred terms and non-preferred terms are arranged in separate lines.
1 Basic terms
1.1 General classification of electron tubes (531-11) 1.1.1 Electronic device Electronic device A device that mainly realizes electrical conduction through the movement of vacuum gas or semiconductor. (331-11-01) 1.1.2 Electronic device An electronic device in which electrical conduction between electrodes is realized by electrons or ions in a vacuum or gas medium in a hermetic tube shell, except for devices used only for lighting. (531-11-02) vacuum tube
1.1.3 vacuum tube
An electron tube in which the vacuum is such that its core characteristics are essentially unaffected by the ionization of any residual gas or vapor. (531-11-03)
1.1.4 electron-beam tube An electron tube whose performance depends on the formation and control of one or more electron beams. (531-11-04) 1.1.5 gas-filled tube, ion tube An electron tube whose electrical characteristics are essentially determined by the ionization of artificially introduced gases or vapors. (531-11-05) 1.1.6 microwave tubemicrowave tube
An electron tube that operates in the microwave range. 1.1.7 X-ray tube
An electron tube specifically used to produce X-rays. 1.2 Emission and space charge (531-12)
1. 2. 1 Electron emission is the process of electrons escaping from the material surface into space. (531-12-01) 1.2.2 Work function (of electrode material) The energy required to move an electron at the Fermi level in a material to an infinite distance outside the material. (531-12-02) 1.2.3 Contact potential difference When two materials are in contact, the potential difference formed at both ends is the difference in the work function of the two materials divided by the quotient of the electron potential difference obtained by dividing ... 4597—1996
1.2.4 Thermionic emission Electron emission caused only by the thermal energy of the electrode. (531-12-04) 1.2.5 Photoelectric emission Electron emission caused by incident light radiation. (531-12-05) 1. 2. 6 Field emission Electron emission caused only by electric field. (531-12-06) 1.2.7 Primary electron emission Electron emission caused directly by heat, photoelectricity or electric field. (531-12-07) 1.2.8 Secondary electron emission Electron emission caused by electron or ion bombardment of the electrode material surface. (531-12-08) 1.2.9 Secondary electron emission current Current formed by secondary electron emission and reflection of incident primary electrons. （531-120%) secondary-electron emission coefficient secondary-electron emission [actor1. 2. 10
The ratio of the secondary electron emission current to the primary electron emission current. （531-12-10）1.2.11 Thermionic-emission efficiency The quotient obtained by dividing the thermal electron emission current by the cathode heating power. （531-12-11）1.2.12 Schottky effect The phenomenon that the thermal electron or photoelectron emission caused by the accelerating electric field on the cathode surface increases relative to the emission in the absence of an electric field. （531-12-12）
1.2.13 cathode interface layer
An undesirable poor conductive layer between the base metal and the coating of the oxide cathode. （531-12-13）1.2.14 Space charge spearecharge
Charge formed by electrons or ions in the space inside the tube: （531-12-14）1.2.15 Space charge limited state space-charge limited state A working state in which the thermal electron emission current is basically independent of the cathode temperature due to the lowest negative potential formed by the space charge in front of the cathode. （531-12-15）
1.2.16 Saturation state temperature limited state temperature limited srate A working state in which the electron emission current is only limited by the cathode emission capacity at a given temperature. （531-12-16）1.2.17 Drift space drilt space
Region where no radio frequency field is applied but the electron beam produces relative redistribution. （53.1-12-17）128 Interaction region The region where the space charge wave of the applied radio frequency field and the electron beam interact. (331-12-18) 1.2.19 interaction gap interaction gap The interaction region whose size is smaller than the wavelength under consideration. (531-12-19) 1.2.20 emission current emissian rurrenl The current formed by electron emission.
1.2.21 reverse emission in a diode electron emission from the anode.
1.2.22 Island effect
Due to the extremely uneven electric field on the cathode surface, it is difficult to cut off the electron emission in some areas of the cathode surface, forming a phenomenon called "emission island".
1. 2. 23 Pulse emission CB/T4597-1996
Electron emission from the cathode under specified pulse working conditions. 1.2.24 Peak emission peak cmisrion
Electron emission from the cathode under specified peak voltage conditions. 1.2.25 Electrode emission cathode cnission Electron emission from the cathode under specified working conditions. 1.3 Discharge in gas (531-13)
1. 3. 1 Ionizing event is the phenomenon of the interaction of one or more ions. (531-13-01) 1.3.2 avalanche
a process of accumulation of a large number of charged particles due to the collision of a charged particle with a gas particle, (531-1302) 1.3.3 gas discharge gasdlischarge
a physical phenomenon in which electric current flows through a gas or vapor, (531-13-03) 1.3.4 glow discharge
a phenomenon in which positive ions or light are blasted out of the cathode in a cold cathode gas-filled tube and release electricity, characterized by the appearance of a unique glow of the gas in the tube, (531-13-04) 1.3.5Arr discharge
A gas discharge with a smaller cathode potential drop than a glow discharge. Note: The electric charge released from the cathode is mainly formed by the action of thermoelectric emission or field emission alone or together. The electrons released by the ion impact play a small role: (531-13-05) 1.3.6Corona effect coronadischargcA gas discharge phenomenon that produces weak light near the conductor. The discharge does not cause excessive heating of the conductor, and the light emission is limited to the area around the conductor where the field strength exceeds a given value.
Note: In a voltage regulator, corona usually occurs in the area of ​​high voltage and low current (microampere), which is between two unheated electrodes in a body with a pressure higher than 1000 Pa (1000 psi). (531-13-06) 1.3.7Gap
The conductive area between the two electrodes. （531-13-07）1.3.8 Main gap
Gap through which load current passes. （531-13-08）1. 3.9 Starter gap
Trigger gap
A gap through which current can cause a main-to-main discharge. （531-13-09）1. 3. 10 Gas multiplication Gas multiplication: The process in which ions produced by initial ionizing radiation in a gas are subjected to a strong electric field to produce more ions. （53113.10） Breakdown (in gas) 1. 3. 11
The sudden change in the gap resistance from an almost infinite value to a lower value, resulting in the formation of an unwanted discharge. （531-13-11）
1.3. 12 Ignition(in a gas） Ignition(in a gas) The change in the resistance of the source from an almost zero value to a lower value, resulting in a discharge. （531-13-12） 1.3.12a Self-maintained discharge A discharge that can be sustained after the external ionization source is removed: （531-13-12） 1.3.13 Non-self-maintained discharge A discharge that stops after the external ionization source is removed: （531-13-13） 1.3.14 Plasma
GB/T 4597--1996
An ionized gas medium with nearly equal electron and ion densities. (531-13-14) 1.3.15 Stalistical delay of ignition The statistical mean of the delay time from the application of a given voltage to initiate the discharge until the start of ignition. (531-13-15) 1.3.16 Arc-back
Breakdown in the direction opposite to the normal current flow. (531-13-16) 1.3.17 Arc-through
A predetermined non-conduction period resulting in an uncontrolled state of conduction. (531-13-17) 1.3.18 Misfire
The failure of a discharge to be established between the main anode and cathode during a predetermined conduction period. (531-13-18) 1.3.19 Firing
The sudden change in the resistance of the gap from an infinite value to a lower value, resulting in the formation of the desired discharge. Note: Microwave gas tubes are applicable.
1.4 Electron beam [Note: Focusing and deflection (531-14) 1.4.1 Collimation
The process of making an electron beam [Note: 2] follow a specified path and form and maintain parallelism within a specified cross section. (531-4-011.4.2 Focusing The process of controlling the electron beam to converge so as to obtain the minimum or optimum cross section at a given point. (531.14.02) 1.4.3 Crossover woint The first point of convergence of the electron beams. (531-11-03) 1.4.4 Beam compression factor The ratio of the average current density of the electron beam in a specified cross section to the average current density of the electron beam in a reference cross section (usually the cathode surface). (531-1404) 1.4.5 Beam divergence angle The solid angle of the chain electron beam emitted from the crossover point. (531-14-05) 1.4.6 Electrostatic focusing focusing Electron beam focusing with electrostatic field. (531-14-06) 1.4.7 Magnetic focusing Electron beam focusing with magnetic field. (531-14-07) 1.4.8 Deflection Using electric field and/or magnetic field to change the direction of electron beam. (531-14-08) 1.4.9 Electrostatic deflection Deflection with electrostatic field. (531-11-09) 1.4.10 Deflection with magnetic field. (531-14-10) 1.4. 11 Deflection voltage Voltage applied between a pair of deflection electrodes. (531-11-11) 1.4.12 Deflection current current deflection line circle current, (531-14.12) 1.4.13 Symmetrical deflection Serical de[lection plus deflection voltage positive, the average voltage of the two deflection electrodes remains unchanged. (531-11-13) Electrostatic deflection sensitivity Electrostatic deflection sensitivity 1.4.14
Under specified conditions, the beam point displacement is divided by the change in deflection voltage. (531-14-14) GB/ 45971996
1.4.15. Magnetic deflection sensitivity Magnetic deflection sensitivity Under specified conditions, the beam point displacement is divided by the deflection voltage. (531-14-15) 1.4. 16 Deflection number defleetion coefficientThe reciprocal of the electrostatic or magnetic deflection sensitivity. (631-14-16) 1.4.17 Deflection uniformity factorThe ratio of the maximum change in electrostatic or magnetic deflection sensitivity to the maximum value of that deflection sensitivity. Note: This is a uniformity factor. (531-14-17) 1.4.18 Spot
The small area of ​​the screen or target surface that is bombarded by the electron beam and excited by the beam axis. (531-14-18) 1.4. 19 Track
Scan line
The visible or recordable track traced by the moving beam spot on the screen or target surface. (531-14-19) 1.4.20 Raster
A predetermined regular pattern composed of scanning lines that covers the target or surface evenly. (531-14-20) 1.4.21 Screen burn
The phenomenon of brightness reduction caused by the destruction of some fluorescent materials on the screen due to long-term (or high-density) electron or ion bombardment. (531-14-21)
1.5 Tube noise (531-15)
1.5.1 Tube noise
The unwanted power generated in the tube. [531-15-01) 1.5.2 Equivalent noise resistance equivalentnoiseesistance A resistor, if it is introduced into the input circuit of an ideal noiseless tube, the noise level generated at the output of the tube at 290K in the corresponding frequency band is almost equal to the noise level of the actual tube. (531-15-02) 1.5.3 Thermal noise
Random noise caused by thermal disturbances in a heat-consuming body. (531-15-03) 1.5.4 Partition noise
Electron tube noise caused by the random fluctuations in the distribution of current between different electrodes. (531-15-04) 1.5.5 Shot noise
Electron tube noise caused by the random fluctuations in the current when carriers pass through a base surface. (531-15-05) 1.5.6 Flicker noise
A type of tube noise that varies with current, characterized by a decrease in power spectrum density with increasing frequency. (531-15-06) 1. 5. 7 1/f noise
Tube noise whose magnitude is inversely proportional to frequency. (531·15-07) 1. 5. 8 Ion noise
Tube noise caused by ions in the electron beam. (531-15-08) 1.5.9 Microphony
Microphonice effect
Improper modulation of electrode current caused by displacement or deformation of tube parts. (531-15-09) 1.5.10 Hiss
Tube noise in the audio frequency range similar to a prolonged click. (53115-10) 1.5.11 Hum [alternating current sound] hum
An undesirable audio modulation caused by the output power supply. (531-15-11) 1.5.12 Crackling
GB/T 4597--1996
The audio frequency disturbance in the output caused by the sudden change of electrode current due to the change of insulation resistance or contact resistance. (531-15-12)
1.5.13 Flash-arc
Rocky-Point effect The continuous electric arc (usually short-lasting and white-terminated) is formed between the electrodes due to irregularities on the electrode surface, gas release, etc., which causes an unexpected and sudden increase in current. (531-15-13) 1. 5. 14 S effect
Surface charge effect Surfacc-charge effect The change in electrode current caused by the change in charge on the glass shell or other insulating parts. (531-15-14) 1.5.15 White noise
Noise whose noise power is evenly distributed within the unit frequency interval and whose components seem to have no correlation with each other. 1.5.16 Radio-frequency noise Noise within the radio-frequency band.
1.5.17 Background noise Background noise produced by the tube itself, whose power spectrum density varies smoothly with frequency or is independent of frequency. For example, thermal noise, shot noise, flicker noise, etc.
1.5.18 Modulation noise modulation noise Noise produced in the tube by carrier modulation, which contains upper and lower sideband components. 1.5.19 Amplitude-modulation noise AM noise has amplitude modulation characteristics.
1. 5. 20 Frequency-modulation noise [FM noise] Noise has frequency modulation characteristics.
1.5.21 Interpulse noise Interpulse noise The RF output that appears during the interval between pulses within the specified bandwidth. 1.5.22 Incidental frequency modulation [self gcncrated Jfrcquency moclulation Random changes in the oscillation frequency of the electron tube and changes in the gate period caused by power ripples, etc. Intrapulse noise
RF noise that occurs during the conduction period of the pulse within the specified bandwidth, 1.5.24 Noise power
Noise energy per unit time,
Note: It is expressed as the average value within the specified time interval. 1.5.25 Radio frequency noise power Radio frequency noise power Noise power within the specified radio frequency band. 1.5.26 Available noise power The noise power transmitted to the matching load.
1.5.27 Reference noise power refcrcncc noisc power The equivalent electrical noise power at the specified base noise temperature (generally 290 K). 1.5.28 Excess noise power The difference between the noise power supplied by the measured tube or noise source and the reference noise power in the same frequency band. 1.5.29 Noise power spectral density The average noise power in a unit bandwidth at a certain frequency. 1.5.30 Noise temperature noisetemperature GB/T 45971996
The temperature of the equivalent resistor that gives the same available noise power as the measured tube or noise source. t.5.31 Reference noise temperature The temperature of the noise source that provides the reference noise power. 1.5.32 Excesnoisetemperature The difference between the noise temperature of the tube or noise source under test and the base noise temperature: 1.5.33 Effective input noise temperature The excesnoise temperature converted to the input of the amplifier; or the excesnoise temperature required at the input of an equivalent noise amplifier to produce the same noise output power at the output of a real amplifier with the input at the base temperature. 1.5.34 Operatinginpul Troiselenperature The noise temperature converted to the input of the amplifier; or the noise loss required at the input of an equivalent noiseless amplifier to produce the same noise output power at the output of a real amplifier with the input at the base temperature. 1.5.35 Noisetemperatureratio The ratio of noise temperature to base noise temperature, 1.5.36 Excesnoiseratio The ratio of excesnoise temperature to base noise temperature, or the ratio of excess noise power in a certain frequency band to base noise power. 1.5.37 Carrier-to-noise ratio The ratio of carrier power to noise power, both measured within a specified bandwidth and averaged over a specified time interval.
1.5.38 Noise factor (of an amplifier tube) Eoisefacior (1) The ratio of the available noise power output by an electron tube within a specified frequency band, when the input is at a specified reference noise temperature (usually 290K), to the available noise power output within the same frequency band assuming that the electron tube is noise-free. (2) The ratio of the signal-to-noise ratio at the input to the signal-to-noise ratio at the output, when the input is at a specified reference noise temperature (usually 290K).
9 Dark current noise dark current The mean square value of the output current when not irradiated. Note: This technique is only applicable to photosensitive tubes. 1.5.40 Signal noise coisein signal The root mean square value of the output current statistical fluctuation when there is a signal input. 1.5.41 Signal-to-noise ratio The ratio of the signal-to-output current to the noise current (dark current noise or noise in the signal). 1.5.42
Noise equivalent input of noise The corresponding incident radiation when the signal output is equal to the dark current noise. 3 Noise energy equivalent [noise equivalent energy] equivalent energy of noise 1.5.43
A threshold value on the output dark pulse spectrum measured in terms of radiation energy. The total count rate above this value is 50s. 1.6 Voltage, current and power (531-16)
1.6.1 Electrode voltage voltage The voltage between an electrode and a specified reference point (usually the cathode). Note: Unless otherwise specified, the voltage is measured at an accessible terminal. (531-16-1) 1.6.2 Electrode voltage
In addition to the signal voltage: The voltage in the circuit that is powered by an external power supply. (531-16-02) 1.6.3 Electrode current The net current value flowing into or out of the electrode through the space between the electrodes. Note: Unless otherwise specified, the current is measured at an accessible terminal. (531-16-03) 1.6.4 Electrode dissipation electrodedissipatiunGB/T 45971996
The power dissipated at the electrode in the form of heat as a result of electrical and [or _ ion bombardment. (531-16-(4) 1.6-5 Revcrsc electrode current Current flowing through an electrode in the opposite direction. (531-16-05) 1.6.6 Surge current of an electrode Surge current of an electrode under abnormal conditions, such as when a switch is turned on or a fault occurs. (531-16-06) 1.6.7 Fault current of an electrode Surge current of an electrode in the event of a fault, such as reverse polarity or external short circuit. (531-16-07) 1.6.8 Saturation voltage A specific value of electrode voltage. Above this value, the dependent variable (such as cathode current) will not change significantly with the cathode voltage. (531-16-08)
1.6.9 Filament voltage The voltage between the filament terminals. (531-16-09) 1. 6.10 Filament current The current flowing through the filament leads. (531-16-10) 1.6.11 Heater voltage hcarervoltagc The voltage between the terminals of the heater. (531-16-11) Heater current
The current flowing through the heater. (531-16-12) 1.6.13 Filament or heater starting current Filament heater current generated between the filament or heater voltage plane under specified conditions. (531-16-3)
1.6.14 Heater insulation current between the heater and the cathode c1irrent heater-cathodecurrent the current between the heater and cathode when there is a potential difference between them, this current includes the terminal current and any current caused by the heater and cathode electrode emission, (531.1614) 1.6.15 cathode anode current cathodle anode icurrcnt the current flowing through the cathode anode, (531-16-15) 1.6.16 grid current grid current
the total current in the grid lead of the electron tube. The grid current is positive when electrons flow from the grid terminal to the external circuit. (531-1516)
1.6.17 cut-off voltage: the voltage at which the dependent variable (e.g. anode current) is reduced to a specified low value. Note that for cathode-ray tubes, this variable is the electron beam current or the spot brightness. (531-16-17) 1.6.18 Gate bias voltage krid bias voltage Under specified conditions, the average value of the gate voltage that determines the operating point: (531-16-18) 1.6.19 Gate input voltage grid input voltagc Gate excitation voltage gridriving yollage is the changing electrical voltage applied to the control circuit. （331-16-19 1.6.20 Grid input power grid driving power grid driving power the average value of the product of the alternating current and the alternating voltage of the input electrode in one cycle, (531-16-20) 1.6.21 anode supply power anode input power anode input powerwwW.bzxz.Net
DC power fed to the electrode by the power supply. (531-16-21) 1.6.22 driving power, radio-frequency input power radio-frequency input power transmitted to the input end of the amplifier tube or the input reference plane. (531-16-22) 1.6.23 output power output power
the total power fed from the electron tube to the output circuit or through the input reference plane. (531-15-23) 1.6.24 useful output power useful output power power; load power load power that part of the output power that is transferred to the load itself and not reflected by it. (531-16-24) 1.6.25 anode forward peak voltage peak forward voltage anode to cathode maximum instantaneous positive voltage, (531-16-25) 1.6.26 anode reverse peak voltage pck negative voltage anode to cathode maximum instantaneous negative voltage, (531-16-26) 1.6.27 tube voltage drop tubevoltagedrop
the voltage between the anode and cathode during the conduction period of the electron tube, (531.1627) 1.6-28 ion current ion current
in the vacuum tube, the unwanted current caused by the collision between electrons and residual gas molecules. (531-16-28) 9 injection current mn
the current through the electron beam [note a certain - a specified cross-section, (531-16-29) 1.6.30 vacuum current lcakage current; insulation current insulation current currc.nt conduction current flowing between two or more electrodes in any way (except the current flowing through the vacuum gap between the electrodes)
1.6.31 saturation current satration current.1 cathode current in saturation state
available driving power available driving power 1.6.32
the radio frequency power that can be obtained when a matching load is used instead of the amplifier tube at the input reference plane, 1.6.33 residual pulse voltage Icsidual pulse voltage The absolute value of the first grid pulse voltage and the first shift voltage, 1.6.34 peak voltage peak voltage
the maximum instantaneous positive charge of the electrode other than the cathode to the cathode. 1.6.35 Limiting working pressure linitingorcrating voltaGC tube's ability to withstand extremely concentrated working soaps. 1.6.36 Reverse cperating voltage: The ability of a tube to withstand reverse power supply voltage. 1.6.37 Output poweruinder insuflicien heating When the voltage (or current) of the hot wire that heats the cathode is lower than the normal working value, the cathode emits current, the voltages of other electrodes remain unchanged at normal working values, the anode resonates slightly, and the load matches the maximum output power of the tube. 1.6.38 cathodic emission current: the current formed by electrons emitted by the cathode and flowing through other electrodes with positive potential relative to the cathode under specified working conditions.
1.6.39 reverse grid current: the current in the grid circuit with negative potential relative to the cathode under specified working conditions. …-Generally speaking, it is the sum of grid thermal emission current, ion current and cathode electron current of the grid. 1.6.40 Grid thermo cmission current GB/T 4597-1996
The emission current caused by the temperature on the surface of the electrode under specified working conditions. 1.6.41 Anode ion current anode ion current is the current formed by the positive ions absorbed by the anode after the residual gas in the electrode arm is ionized under the specified operating conditions.
1.6.42 Maximum anode dissipation power maximum anodedissipationpower The maximum power that the anode is allowed to dissipate in the form of heat due to electron bombardment under specified working conditions. 1.6.43 Anode overload dissipation power nodewerloaddissipationpowcr The ability of the anode to withstand overload in a short period of time under specified working conditions. 1.6.44 Maximum grid dissipation power maximum grid dissipation power Under specified working conditions, the grid is allowed to withstand the maximum power dissipated in the form of heat. 1.6.45 Grid cut-off voltage gridcut-off voltage Under specified working conditions, the negative grid voltage when the anode current reaches the cut-off state, 1.6.46 The first grid current cut-off voltage gridNo.1turenteut-off voitage Under specified working conditions, the first grid current cut-off voltage when the anode current reaches the cut-off state. 1.7 General performance and parameters other than voltage, current and power (531-17) 1.7:1 Electrode impedance, electrode (xde impedance) At the specified operating point and frequency, the quotient of the fundamental frequency component of the electrode voltage divided by the sinusoidal current entering this electrode to cause the voltage. At this time, all other electrode voltages remain unchanged! For very small noise, this quantity is the reciprocal of the electrode admittance. 5311701) 1.7.2 Input impedance input impedance The positive impedance of the input electrode. （531-17-02）1.7.3 Output impedance oulputimpedance The impedance of the output electrode. （531-17-03）1.7.4 Electrode admittance clcctrode adnitancc The quotient of the fundamental frequency component of the current entering the electrode divided by the sinusoidal voltage applied to the electrode causing the current at the specified operating point and frequency, when all other electrodes remain constant. Note: For extremely small amplitudes, this quantity is the reciprocal of the impedance: （631-17-04）1.7.5 Input admittanceinput admittance The admittance of the input electrode. （531-17-05）1.7.6 Output admittance autput admit.tancc The admittance of the output electrode. （531-17-06）1.7.7 Electrode reactance lettxereetance
The imaginary part of the electrode impedance, （531-1707）1.7.8 Electrode resistance etectrode a.cresistance The real part of the electrode impedance. （531-17-08）1.7.9 Electrode resistance clectrode dc rcsistancc At the specified operating point, the ancient current electrode voltage is divided by the hundred current electrode current. ：（53L-[7-09）1.7.10 Electrode conductance elerctrode ccnductanre The real part of the electrode conductance. （$311710）1.7.11 Electrode susceptance electrodedesusceptance The imaginary part of the electrode conductance. (531-17-11) 1.7.12 Transadmittance transadmiLance
The quotient of the fundamental frequency component of the short-circuit current output by the electrode divided by the sinusoidal voltage applied to the other electrode to induce the current GB/T 4597-1996
at the specified operating point and frequency, at which time all other electrode voltages remain unchanged. (5311712) 1.7.13 transconductance franscanductance
The real part of the transconductance, (531-17-13) 1.7.14 mutual conductance The transconductance between the output electrode and the control electrode. (531-17-14) 1.7.15 conversion transcanduclance Under specified operating conditions, the quotient of a specified single-frequency component of the short-circuit current flowing through the output electrode divided by the sinusoidal voltage of different frequency (not an integer multiple) of the output current applied to the input electrode. At this time, the voltage of the electrode remains unchanged. (53117-15)
6 Interelectrode capacitance interelectrodecapacitance 1.7.16
The capacitance between specified electrodes or electrode groups under specified conditions. (5311716) 1.7.17 Sell-neutralization frequency The frequency at which the transconductance (internal feedback) of the tube is minimum. (531-17-17) 1.7.18
Permeance coefficient perveanee
On the specified electron beam injection cross section, the average electron beam injection current is divided by the voltage corresponding to the average kinetic energy of the carriers (or the accelerating electrode voltage) half of the gram. (531-17-18) 9 Diode perveance diode perveance 1. 7. 19
The quotient obtained by dividing the cathode current limited by space charge by three times the anode voltage. (531-17-19) 1.7.20 Anode efficiency anode efficiency The ratio of the AC power delivered to the load to the power of the electrode source. (531-17-20) 1.7.21 Anode AC resistance anode ac.resistance See electrode AC resistance (531-17-08)\. (531-17-21) 1.7.22 Vacuum factor vacuum factor gas-content factor the ratio of the ion current to the electron current that causes it. (531-17-22) 3 Averaging time averaging time for two changes: (531-17-23) 1.7.24 Voltage factor The ratio of a small change in the voltage of one electrode to the change in the voltage of another electrode required to maintain a certain specified electrode current. At this time, all other electrode voltages remain unchanged. （531-17-24）1.7.25 Amplification factor The voltage coefficient or coefficient between a specified electrode and a control electrode when the anode current remains constant. （5311725）
1.7.26 Power gain powergaim
The ratio of the output power of the amplifier tube to the excitation power under specified working conditions, usually expressed in decibels. （5311726）1.7.27 Gain of power increment gain of powercr increment The ratio of the increment of output power to the small increment of excitation power that causes it. （531-17-27）8 Total resistance of cathode coating and intermediate layer total resistane:e lbetween the cathode coating and the cathode in-1.7.28
terface layen
The effective total resistance between the cathode coating and the cathode intermediate layer. 1.7.29 cathode interface impedance cathode interface impedance equivalent impedance of cathode interface,
Note: expressed as a parallel equivalent circuit.
GB/T 4597—1996
1.7.30 cathode interlayer resistance cathode intcrface resistance cathode interlayer impedance low frequency limit. 1.7.31 cathode interlayer capacitance cathodeinterfacecapacitance capacitance converted from the capacitive reactance in the cathode interlayer impedance 1.7.32 cathode coating impedance cathodecoatingimpedance impedance between the cathode coated base metal and the emitting surface after deducting the cathode interlayer impedance. 1.7.33 Input capacitance Input capacitance When the output is grounded, the capacitance between the input electrode and all other electrodes and parts connected together. 1.7.34 Output capacitance When the input is grounded, the capacitance between the output electrode and all other electrodes and parts connected together. 1.7.35 Trauisfer capacitance When all other electrodes and parts are grounded: the capacitance between the output and input electrodes. 1.7.3 Interelectrode insulation resistance The ohm value indicating the degree of insulation between electrodes. 1.7.37 Available power gain The ratio of the output power of the amplifier to the available excitation power under specified working conditions, usually expressed in decibels. 1.7.38 Gain linearity The ability of the amplifier to provide nearly constant power gain when the excitation power changes under specified working conditions. 1.7.39 Distortion distortion
The signal is distorted during transmission.
1.7.40 Distortion factor [distortion factor] distortion facturThe ratio of the root mean square value of the harmonics in a non-sinusoidal signal to the root mean square value of the signal. 1.7.41 Restarting abilityrcstarting abilityAfter all voltages are disconnected for a long enough time to allow the cathode to completely cool, the electron tube can re-establish its original average anode current and (or) output power when restarted according to the source program and conditions. 1.7.42 Vacuum degreevacuum degree
Indicates the rarefaction of the gas in a vacuum state, usually expressed in terms of pressure. 1.7.43 Current stabilitycurrent stabhilityThe degree of change of the output current over time under specified conditions. 1.7.44 Internal amplification factor The ratio of the increment of the second grid voltage to the corresponding increment of the first grid voltage when the anode current and other voltages of the transmitting tube are kept constant under the specified working conditions.
1.7.45 Electrical strength elcctrical intcnsity The ability of the anode voltage to withstand a certain period of time under the specified working conditions. 1.7.46 High frequency loss for interelectrode insulators The ability of the interelectrode insulator to withstand high frequency electric field under the specified working conditions. 1.8 Characteristics and working conditions (531-18)
1.8.1 Characteristics characteristic.
The relationship between two parameters of the transmitting tube under the specified working conditions is usually expressed by a curve. (531-18-01) 1.8.2 Electrode characteristic The characteristic of the relationship between the current and voltage of a certain electrode, usually refers to direct current. At this time, all other working conditions remain unchanged, (531-18-02)
1.8.3 Dynamic characteristicsdynamic: characteristic
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