公路安全护栏 - 性能、分级以及质量标准

4.3. 车辆撞击后的损失

车辆与安全护栏发生碰撞时的变形量是被限制的。本标准中附件 A 中定义的 VIDI 指数对这个变形量进行了分级。每个级别的指数所决定的允许最大变形量值和每个安全护栏的功能也在以下部分做出了定义。除此之外，如果护栏的某个部分受碰撞后进入车辆座舱是不允许的。这个变形量也不能在事故之后影响车门的手动打开。

4.4. 碰撞时的护栏状态

碰撞作用不应该造成护栏主要部分或结构部分的断裂，护栏任何形式的抛射物碎片都是潜在的危险。都是不允许的，动态以及静态绕度可以确定护栏的设立条件。对于可能在多数位置产生作用的护栏，都应足够地满足其减轻和降低动能的作用。

4.5. 碰撞车辆的状态

在与安全护栏发生碰撞时车辆的运行轨道发生了变化。车辆发生碰撞后的缓冲不应该造成速度减小和接近角变小，最终减小事故风险和与其它车辆发生第二次碰撞的后果。

车辆发生碰撞的状态由三个角度值来分级。

脱离角是由车辆脱离开护栏时的速度方向与安全护栏轴向间的夹角，在一般情况下这个离开角的允许范围等于接近角的一半。在一些特殊情况下，进行如下定义：离开角有可能大于上述的正常值，但不应该超过接近角。摆动角是一个在碰撞之后由车辆垂直线和它的轨迹组成的夹角，这个角度不应该大于 90 度。翻滚角度是大地垂直轴线与车辆垂直轴向的夹角。这个角度允许的最大值为 45 度。

4.6. 设置安全护栏条件的确定

在标准条件下，软性安全护栏的作用，这些实验可以确定碰撞时系统的变形（动力弯曲）和在这之后的变形（静止弯曲）。仔细观察这个弯曲可以确定每一个安全护栏的设立条件，特别是确定其与障碍物保持的距离，这是为了保障这一系统更好地发挥其作用。

5. 侧向公路安全护栏的分级

进行碰撞实验需要准确定义出车辆的质量、速度和与安全护栏的接近角。它可以由其它系统的实验举例进行补充，其目的是为了准确地描述出不同条件碰撞下护栏的状态。这些实验可以确定出侧向公路安全护栏分为两个级别。

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SOMMAIRE

TABLE DES MATIÈRES

:current

Foreword

This document (EN 10216-3:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee EC/TC 29, "Steel tubes and fittings for steel tubes", the secretariat of which is held by UNI.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2002.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.

Other Parts of EN 10216 are:

Another European Standard series covering tubes for pressure purposes is:

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

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ISO 657-1 : 1988 (E)

Table 1 — Dimensions and sectional properties of hot-rolled equal-leg angles (concluded)

NOTES

1. Member countries may choose, to be included in their national standards, the sizes which are required to meet their demand.
2. For the angles so chosen, only thicknesses which can be rolled in their mills to meet the demand of the users may be selected from the list of thicknesses corresponding to equal angles in table 1.
3. The sectional area has been calculated using the formula

   S = [l/2 A - l) + 0,214 6 (r_root² - 2r_toe²)] × 1/100

   where
   

   S is the sectional area, in square centimetres;
   

   l is the thickness, in millimetres;
   

   r_root is the root radius, in millimetres;
   

   r_toe is the toe radius, in millimetres;
   

   A is the leg length, in millimetres.

4. Mass is calculated on the basis of density of steel of 7,85 kg/dm³.

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