GB 15599-1995 Lightning safety specification for petroleum and petroleum facilities

This standard specifies the basic principles and measures to avoid or reduce lightning hazards to petroleum equipment during the production, transportation, storage, sales and use of petroleum and petroleum products. This standard applies to lightning safety protection of petroleum equipment. GB 15599-1995 Lightning Safety Specification for Petroleum and Petroleum Facilities GB15599-1995 Standard download decompression password: www.bzxz.net

National Standard of the People's Republic of China
Safety rules of lightning with relationto petroleum and its facilities
Safety rules of lightning with relationto petroleum and its facilities1 Subject content and scope of application
GB15599-1995
This standard specifies the basic principles and measures to avoid or reduce the lightning hazards of petroleum equipment during the production, transportation, storage, sales and use of petroleum and petroleum products.
This standard applies to the lightning safety protection of petroleum equipment. 2 Reference standards
GB13348 Safety regulations for static electricity of liquid petroleum productsGB50057 Lightning protection design code for buildings
GBJ74 Design code for petroleum depots
3 Basic principles for preventing lightning hazards
3.1 Petroleum and petroleum products should be stored in sealed containers, and the accumulation of flammable or combustible oil and gas mixtures around the containers should be avoided. 3.2 Spark discharge between metal conductors should be avoided in areas where flammable or combustible oil and gas may leak or accumulate. 3.3 Fixed-top metal container accessories (such as breathing valves, safety valves) must be equipped with flame arresters. 3.4 Petroleum containers and their ancillary devices (such as flame arresters, breathing valves, oil measuring holes, etc.) should be kept in good working condition. 3.5 The inner wall of the petroleum container should be coated with conductive anti-corrosion paint, and the resistivity of the coating surface should be lower than 10°Q. 3.6 Petroleum equipment should be grounded for lightning protection. Lightning protection grounding, anti-static grounding and electrical equipment grounding should share the same grounding device (see Article 4.1 of GB13348).
4 Technical measures to prevent lightning hazards
4.1 Metal oil tanks
4.1.1 When storing flammable and combustible oil products, if the top plate thickness is less than 4mm, lightning protection equipment such as lightning rods or Semiconductor lightning arrester, etc. For the determination of the protection range of a single lightning rod, please refer to Appendix A (reference), and for the determination of the protection range in other cases, please refer to Appendix IV of GB50057. For the determination of the protection range of semiconductor lightning arrester, please refer to Appendix B (reference). 4.1.2 When the thickness of the roof of an oil tank storing flammable and flammable oils is greater than or equal to 4mm, according to Article 11.2.2 of GBJ74, it is not necessary to install direct lightning protection equipment. However, in areas with frequent lightning 1, when the thickness of the oil roof is greater than or equal to 4mm, direct lightning protection equipment can still be installed. Note: 1) Areas with frequent lightning usually refer to areas with more than 40 thunderstorm days per year, see Appendix C (reference). 4.1.3 Metal oil seams must be grounded for ring-type lightning protection, and there should be no less than two grounding points, the arc distance between them should not be greater than 30m, and the distance between the grounding body and the wall should be greater than 3m. When a lightning rod is installed on the tank top or the tank body is used as a lightning arrester, the impulse grounding resistance of each grounding point should not be greater than 10 0.
4.1.4 Floating roof metal oil tanks may not be equipped with lightning protection equipment, but two soft copper strands with a cross-section of not less than 25mm2 must be used to electrically connect the floating ship to the tank body. The connection points should not be less than two, and the spacing between the connection points along the circumference of the oil should not be greater than 30m. The sealing structure of the floating roof oil tank should be made of oil-resistant and static-conductive materials. 4.1.5 The metal accessories of the metal oil tank, such as the flame arrester, breathing valve, oil measuring hole, manhole, and light transmission hole, must maintain equipotential connection. 4.2 Non-metallic oil tanks
4.2.1 Non-metallic oil tanks storing flammable and flammable oils should be equipped with independent lightning rods (nets) or semiconductor lightning arresters and other lightning protection equipment. 4.2.2 The horizontal distance between the independent lightning rod and the protected object should not be less than 3m, and it should have an independent grounding resistance, and its impact grounding resistance should not be greater than 102.
4.2.3 The lightning net should be made of round steel with a diameter of not less than 8mm or flat steel with a cross-section of not less than 24mm×4mm, and the grid should not be larger than 6m×6m; there should be no less than 2 lightning net down conductors, and they should be evenly or symmetrically arranged around the four sides, with a spacing of no more than 18m, and no less than two grounding points.
4.2.4 Non-metallic oil tanks must be equipped with flame arresters and breathing valves. The flame arresters, breathing valves, oil measuring holes, manholes, light holes, flanges and other metal accessories of the oil tank must be tight and grounded. They must be within the protection range of the direct lightning protection device. 4.3 Artificial Cave Oil Depot
4.3.1 The exposed parts of the metal breathing pipe and metal ventilation pipe of the oil tank of the artificial cave oil depot should be equipped with independent lightning rods. The protection range should be 2m higher than the pipe mouth, and the horizontal distance between the independent lightning rod and the pipe mouth shall not be less than 3m. 4.3.2 For the metal pipeline entering the cave, when the buried length outside the cave exceeds 50m from the cave mouth, no grounding device is required; when the part outside the cave is not buried or the buried length is less than 50m, two grounding points should be made outside the cave. The distance between the grounding points shall not be greater than 100m, and the impulse grounding resistance shall not be greater than 200.
4.3.3 Power, lighting and communication lines should be introduced into the cave by armored cables. If the overhead line is converted to buried cable, the distance from the entry point to the conversion point shall not be less than 50m, and a lightning arrester shall be installed at the connection between the overhead line and the cable. Lightning arresters, cable sheaths and insulator iron feet should be electrically connected and grounded, and their impulse grounding resistance should not be greater than 10Ω. 4.4 Automobile tank cars and railway tank cars
4.4.1 Automobile tank cars and railway tank cars should be equipped with flame arresters when transporting flammable and flammable oil products. 4.4.2 Railway oil loading and unloading equipment (including rails, pipelines, goose pipes, trestles, etc.) should be electrically connected and grounded, and the impulse grounding resistance should not be greater than 102.
4.5 Metal oil tankers and oil barges
4.5.1 The metal poles or other protrusions of metal oil tankers and oil barges can be used as lightning arresters. If the structure of the hull is made of wood or other insulating materials, the poles or other protruding metal objects must be connected to the copper plate below the waterline. 4.5.2 Radio antennas should be equipped with lightning arresters.
4.5.3 During thunderstorms, it is advisable to stop loading and unloading oil products and close the openings of the storage containers. 4.6 Pipeline
4.6.1 The oil pipeline can be used as a lightning arrester by itself, and the connection of its flange and valve should be equipped with metal jumper wire. When the flange is connected with more than 5 bolts, the flange can be connected without metal wire, but it must form an electrical path. 4.6.2 All metal parts of the pipeline system, including the metal coating of the sheath, must be grounded. There should be a grounding point at both ends of the pipeline and every 200~~300m, as well as at branches and bends. The grounding point should be located at the pipe pier, and its impact grounding resistance shall not be greater than 10. 4.6.3 The flammable gas venting pipeline must be equipped with a lightning rod. The protection range of the lightning rod should be no less than 2m above the pipe mouth, and the horizontal distance between the lightning rod and the pipe mouth shall not be less than 3m.
5 Management measures to prevent lightning hazards
5.1 System
The technical departments of each unit should formulate specific measures to prevent lightning hazards. Establish equipment lightning protection activity archives. 5.2 Education
The personnel in charge of management must master the knowledge of lightning. 440
5.3 Emergency
GB15599—1995
When it is found that lightning may cause a lightning accident, effective measures should be taken in time and reported to the competent leader. 5.4 Pre-inspection
Before the thunderstorm season every year, lightning protection equipment and grounding must be inspected and repaired. The main inspection items are as follows: a.
The appearance and connection degree of the lightning protection equipment. If it is found to be broken, damaged or loose, it should be repaired in time; use instruments to detect the impact grounding resistance value of the lightning protection equipment. If it is found that it does not meet the requirements, it should be repaired in time; clean the blocked fire-blocking core, replace the deformed or corroded fire-blocking core, and ensure that the sealing is leak-proof. 5.5 Personal safety
During thunderstorms, attention should be paid to personal safety protection (see Appendix D). 441
GB15599-1995
Appendix A
Determination of the protection range of a single lightning rod (rolling ball method) (reference)
A1 When the height (h) of a single lightning rod is less than or equal to the rolling ball radius (h,), its protection range is determined (see Figure A1) mm
The knocking surface of the protection range on the upper flat culvert
Figure A1 Protection range of a single lightning rod
A1.1 Draw a parallel line parallel to the ground at a distance of h from the ground. A1.2 With the needle tip as the center and h as the radius, draw an isolated line that intersects the parallel line at points A and B. A1.3 With A and B as the center and h as the radius, draw an arc that intersects the needle tip and is tangent to the ground. From this arc to the ground is the protection range. The protection range is a symmetrical cone. A1.4 The protection radius of the lightning rod on the a plane at a height of h is calculated according to formula (A1): rx = Vh(2h, - h) — Vhr(2h, - hx) Where: r.-The protection radius of the lightning rod on the ra' plane at a height of h, m; h.---Rolling ball radius, m, for petroleum lightning protection buildings, take 30mhx the height of the protected object, m.
A1.5 The protection radius of the lightning rod on the ground is r. =Vh (2hr-h) A2 When the height (h) of a single lightning rod is greater than the rolling ball radius (h), the protection range is determined by taking a point on the lightning rod at a height of h instead of the tip of the single lightning rod as the center of the circle, and the rest of the procedures are the same as Chapter A1. 442
GB15599—1995
Appendix B
Determination of the protection range of semiconductor lightning eliminator
(reference)
B1 Determination of the protection range of a single semiconductor lightning eliminator (see Figure B1)h
Figure B1 Protection range of a single lightning eliminator
The protection radius r on the horizontal plane at the height hx of the protected object is determined according to formula (B1): rx= 3.5(h — h) P = 3.5h, · PWhere: h-height of lightning eliminator, m;
protection radius of lightning eliminator on the horizontal plane h, m; h-height of the protected object, m;
h. —Effective height of the lightning eliminator, that is, ha=h-hx, m, P--Height influence coefficient: when h<64m, P=1, when h=64~140m, P=8//h. B2 Determination of the protection range of two lightning eliminators of equal height (see Figure B2)·(B1)
GB15599-1995
Figure B2 Protection range of two lightning eliminators of equal height
B2.1 The protection range outside the two lightning eliminators is determined according to the calculation method of a single lightning eliminator. B2.2 The upper edge of the protection range between the two lightning eliminators is determined by the arc passing through the vertices of the two lightning eliminators and the 0 point on the center line. The 0 point is the vertex of the imaginary lightning eliminator, and its height h. It can be calculated according to formula (B2): h. = h - 0. 05D/P
Where: D is the distance between the two lightning eliminators, m. P—-height influence coefficient, when h<60m, P=1, when h=60～140m, P=8//hB2.3 The minimum width b of the protection range on the hx horizontal plane between two lightning eliminators is calculated according to formula (B3): bx — 3. 5(h. — h)· P
to obtain b, and then a tangent line can be drawn from this point to the protection circle of the lightning eliminators on both sides to obtain the protection range between the two lightning eliminators on the h horizontal plane. B3 The protection range of multiple lightning eliminators of equal height can be determined according to the following procedure·(B2)
（B3)
B3.1 The outer protection range of the triangle formed by three lightning eliminators of equal height can be determined according to the calculation method of two lightning eliminators of equal height. If all bx on the horizontal plane of the height h of the protected object in the triangle are greater than zero, that is, bs≥0, then the entire area in the triangle on the horizontal plane of the protected height h is protected.
B3.2 When determining the quadrilateral or polygonal protection range formed by four or more equal-height lightning eliminators, it can be divided into two or more triangles, and then calculated according to the protection range of three equal-height lightning eliminators. If all b are greater than zero, that is, b≥0, then the entire area within the polygon on the horizontal plane of the protected height h. is protected. 444
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GB15599—1995
Date and beginning and end period of thunderstorms in various parts of my country
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Appendix DwwW.bzxz.Net
Personal safety protection against lightning
Reference)
D1 During thunderstorms, it is not advisable to engage in petroleum operations outdoors, nor should you stay in the following places. D1.1 Small unprotected buildings, garages or carports; D1.2 Various vehicles and ships with non-metal roofs or open structures; D1.3 Mountain tops, ridges or the tops of buildings and structures; D1.4 Open fields, various parking lots, sports fields; D1.5 Swimming pools, lakes, beaches or isolated trees; D1.6 Iron fences, metal clotheslines, overhead wires, railway tracks. D2 When lightning strikes, if the operator is isolated in the exposed area and feels his hair standing up, he should immediately kneel down, bend forward, and hug his knees with his hands.
D3 When lightning strikes, you should find the following places to take shelter. D3.1 Buildings and structures with lightning protection; D3.2 Large metal frame buildings and structures; D3.3 Large buildings and structures without lightning protection; D3.4 Various vehicles with metal roofs and ships with metal shells. Additional notes:
This standard is proposed and managed by the Ministry of Labor of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Petrochemical Research Institute of China Petrochemical Corporation. The main drafters of this standard are Song Guangcheng, Bi Zaijun, Gan Jiankun, Ou Qingli and Shi Woling.The entire area within the polygon on the horizontal plane is protected. 444
Harbin
Qiqihar
Mudanjiang
Manzhouli
Hohhot
Urumqi
Qinhuangdao
Shijiazhuang
Date of the whole year
Earliest start date
Day/month
GB15599—1995
Date and beginning and end period of thunderstorms in various parts of my country
( Reference)
Latest ending day
Sun/month
Shigatse
Dates throughout the year
Earliest starting day
Sun/month
Last ending day
Sun/month
GB15599--1995
Appendix D
Personal safety protection against lightning
Reference)
D1 During thunderstorms, it is not advisable to engage in petroleum operations outdoors, nor should you stay in the following places. D1.1 Small unprotected buildings, garages or carports; D1.2 Various vehicles and ships with non-metal roofs or open structures; D1.3 Mountain tops, ridges or the tops of buildings and structures; D1.4 Open fields, various parking lots, sports fields; D1.5 Swimming pools, lakes, beaches or isolated trees; D1.6 Iron fences, metal clotheslines, overhead wires, railway tracks. D2 When lightning strikes, if the operator is isolated in the exposed area and feels his hair standing up, he should immediately kneel down, bend forward, and hug his knees with his hands.
D3 When lightning strikes, you should find the following places to take shelter. D3.1 Buildings and structures with lightning protection; D3.2 Large metal frame buildings and structures; D3.3 Large buildings and structures without lightning protection; D3.4 Various vehicles with metal roofs and ships with metal shells. Additional notes:
This standard is proposed and managed by the Ministry of Labor of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Petrochemical Research Institute of China Petrochemical Corporation. The main drafters of this standard are Song Guangcheng, Bi Zaijun, Gan Jiankun, Ou Qingli and Shi Woling.The entire area within the polygon on the horizontal plane is protected. 444
Harbin
Qiqihar
Mudanjiang
Manzhouli
Hohhot
Urumqi
Qinhuangdao
Shijiazhuang
Date of the whole year
Earliest start date
Day/month
GB15599—1995
Date and beginning and end period of thunderstorms in various parts of my country
( Reference)
Latest ending day
Sun/month
Shigatse
Dates throughout the year
Earliest starting day
Sun/month
Last ending day
Sun/month
GB15599--1995
Appendix D
Personal safety protection against lightning
Reference)
D1 During thunderstorms, it is not advisable to engage in petroleum operations outdoors, nor should you stay in the following places. D1.1 Small unprotected buildings, garages or carports; D1.2 Various vehicles and ships with non-metal roofs or open structures; D1.3 Mountain tops, ridges or the tops of buildings and structures; D1.4 Open fields, various parking lots, sports fields; D1.5 Swimming pools, lakes, beaches or isolated trees; D1.6 Iron fences, metal clotheslines, overhead wires, railway tracks. D2 When lightning strikes, if the operator is isolated in the exposed area and feels his hair standing up, he should immediately kneel down, bend forward, and hug his knees with his hands.
D3 When lightning strikes, you should find the following places to take shelter. D3.1 Buildings and structures with lightning protection; D3.2 Large metal frame buildings and structures; D3.3 Large buildings and structures without lightning protection; D3.4 Various vehicles with metal roofs and ships with metal shells. Additional notes:
This standard is proposed and managed by the Ministry of Labor of the People's Republic of China. This standard was drafted by the Petrochemical Research Institute of China Petrochemical Corporation. The main drafters of this standard are Song Guangcheng, Bi Zaijun, Gan Jiankun, Ou Qingli and Shi Woling.
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